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National Map
Of |
Andorra |
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National Flag
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Andorra |
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Flag
Description:
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and
red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow
band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar
to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a
national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of
Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
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National Emblem(Coat Of Arms)
Of |
Andorra |
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National Anthem
Of |
Andorra |
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Categories National Symbol Of |
Andorra |
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Background:
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For 715
years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique
co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders
(from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the
Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system
was modified with the titular heads of state retained,
but the government transformed into a parliamentary
democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous
Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War
II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal
and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with
its lack of income taxes. |
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Location:
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Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain |
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Geographic coordinates:
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42 30 N,
1 30 E |
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Map references:
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Europe
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Area:
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total:
468 sq km
land: 468 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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2.5 times
the size of Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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total:
120.3 km
border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
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Coastline:
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0 km
(landlocked) |
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Maritime claims:
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none
(landlocked) |
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Climate:
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temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
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Terrain:
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rugged
mountains dissected by narrow valleys |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest
point: Riu Runer 840 m
highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m |
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Natural resources:
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hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead |
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Land use:
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arable
land: 2.22%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.78% (2001) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km
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Natural hazards:
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avalanches |
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Environment - current issues:
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deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows
contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater
treatment and solid waste disposal |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party
to: Hazardous Wastes
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected
agreements |
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Geography - note:
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landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads
in the Pyrenees |
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Population:
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70,549
(July 2005 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14
years: 14.8% (male 5,471/female 4,995)
15-64 years: 71.5% (male 26,463/female 23,977)
65 years and over: 13.7% (male 4,780/female
4,863) (2005 est.) |
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Median age:
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total:
40.34 years
male: 40.63 years
female: 40.02 years (2005 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.95%
(2005 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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9
births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Death rate:
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6.07
deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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6.53
migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at
birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female
total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total:
4.05 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.38 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total
population: 83.51 years
male: 80.6 years
female: 86.6 years (2005 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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1.29
children born/woman (2005 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun:
Andorran(s)
adjective: Andorran |
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Ethnic groups:
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Spanish
43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6%
(1998) |
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Religions:
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Roman
Catholic (predominant) |
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Languages:
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Catalan
(official), French, Castilian, Portuguese |
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Literacy:
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definition: NA
total population: 100%
male: NA%
female: NA% |
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra |
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Government type:
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parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains
as its chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two princes
are the president of France and bishop of Seo de Urgel,
Spain, who are represented locally by coprinces'
representatives |
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Capital:
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Andorra
la Vella |
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Administrative divisions:
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7
parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la
Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany,
Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria |
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Independence:
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1278 (was
formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of
Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel) |
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National holiday:
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Our Lady
of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278) |
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Constitution:
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Andorra's
first written constitution was drafted in 1991, approved
by referendum 14 March 1993, effective 4 May 1993 |
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Legal system:
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based on
French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of
legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction |
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Suffrage:
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18 years
of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief
of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17
May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26
July 2002); Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i
SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi
MARQUES i OSTE (since NA)
head of government: Executive Council President
Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005)
cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated
by the Executive Council president
elections: Executive Council president elected by
the General Council and formally appointed by the
coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4
March 2001 (next to be held April-May 2005)
election results: Marc FORNE MOLNE elected
executive council president; percent of General Council
vote - NA% |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell
General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by
direct popular vote, 14 from a single national
constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes;
members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 24 April 2005 (next to be
held March-April 2009)
election results: percent of vote by party - PLA
41.2%, PS 38.1%, CDA 11%, other 9.7%; seats by party -
PLA 14, PS 12, CDA 2 |
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Judicial branch:
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Tribunal
of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts
or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of
Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra;
Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la
Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal;
Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Andorran
Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic
Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or
PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT];
Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National
Democratic Group or AND) [Mariona GONZALEZ REOLIT] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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ACCT
(associate), CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC,
ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO,
WToO, WTO (observer) |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires
Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New
York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630 |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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the US
does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador
to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in
Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's
office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo
Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175
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Flag description:
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three
equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and
red with the national coat of arms centered in the
yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered
shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which
do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and
the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
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Economy - overview:
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Tourism,
the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy,
accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million
tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's
duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts.
Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as
the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been
opened up, providing broader availability of goods and
lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven"
status, also contributes substantially to the economy.
Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land
is arable - and most food has to be imported. The
principal livestock activity is sheep raising.
Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes,
cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU
Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade
in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU
member for agricultural products. |
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GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$1.9
billion (2003 est.) |
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GDP (official exchange rate):
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NA |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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2% (2003
est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $26,800 (2003 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% |
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Labor force:
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33,000
(2001 est.) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)
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Unemployment rate:
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0% (1996
est.) |
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Population below poverty line:
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NA |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest
10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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4.3%
(2000) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $385 million
expenditures: $342 million, including capital
expenditures of NA (1997) |
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Agriculture - products:
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small
quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables;
sheep |
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Industries:
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tourism
(particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA% |
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Electricity - production:
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NA kWh
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Electricity - consumption:
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NA kWh
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh
(2002) |
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Electricity - imports:
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NA kWh;
note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France;
Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower |
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Exports:
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$58
million f.o.b. (1998) |
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Exports - partners:
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Spain
58%, France 34% (2004) |
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Imports:
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$1.077
billion (1998) |
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Imports - partners:
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Spain
48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2004) |
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Debt - external:
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$NA |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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none |
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Currency (code):
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euro (EUR)
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Exchange rates:
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euros per
US dollar - 0.79697 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003),
1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar
year |
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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35,000
(2001) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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23,500
(2001) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: NA
domestic: modern system with microwave radio
relay connections between exchanges
international: country code - 376; landline
circuits to France and Spain |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 0, FM
15, shortwave 0 (1998) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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0 (1997)
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Internet country code:
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.ad |
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Internet hosts:
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4,144
(2004) |
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Internet users:
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24,500
(2001) |
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Airports:
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none
(2004 est.) |
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Roadways:
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total:
269 km
paved: 198 km
unpaved: 71 km |
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Merchant marine:
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registered in other countries: 1 |
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Military branches:
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no
regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra |
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Military - note:
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defense
is the responsibility of France and Spain |
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Disputes - international:
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none |
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