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Background:
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Colonized
by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla
was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th
century, when the island - against the wishes of the
inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British
dependency, along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several
attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after
a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this
arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with
Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. |
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Location:
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Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North
Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico |
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Geographic coordinates:
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18 15 N,
63 10 W |
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Map references:
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Central
America and the Caribbean |
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Area:
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total:
102 sq km
land: 102 sq km
water: 0 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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about
half the size of Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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0 km |
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Coastline:
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61 km
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Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
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Climate:
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tropical;
moderated by northeast trade winds |
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Terrain:
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flat and
low-lying island of coral and limestone |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest
point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m |
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Natural resources:
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salt,
fish, lobster |
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Land use:
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arable
land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak,
few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (2001) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA |
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Natural hazards:
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frequent
hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
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Environment - current issues:
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supplies
of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand
largely because of poor distribution system |
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Geography - note:
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the most
northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles
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Population:
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13,254
(July 2005 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14
years: 23.2% (male 1,561/female 1,517)
15-64 years: 69.9% (male 4,767/female 4,501)
65 years and over: 6.9% (male 405/female 503)
(2005 est.) |
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Median age:
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total:
30.76 years
male: 30.81 years
female: 30.7 years (2005 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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1.77%
(2005 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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14.26
births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Death rate:
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5.43
deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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8.83
migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at
birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total:
21.03 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 27.59 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2005
est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total
population: 77.11 years
male: 74.18 years
female: 80.12 years (2005 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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1.73
children born/woman (2005 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun:
Anguillan(s)
adjective: Anguillan |
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Ethnic groups:
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black
(predominant) 90.1%, mixed, mulatto 4.6%, white 3.7%,
other 1.6% (2001 Census) |
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Religions:
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Anglican
29%, Methodist 23.9%, other Protestant 30.2%, Roman
Catholic 5.7%, other Christian 1.7%, other 5.2%, none or
unspecified 4.3% (2001 Census) |
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Languages:
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English
(official) |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 12 and over can read and write
total population: 95%
male: 95%
female: 95% (1984 est.) |
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Country name:
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Anguilla |
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Dependency status:
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overseas
territory of the UK |
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Government type:
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NA |
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Capital:
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The
Valley |
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Administrative divisions:
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none
(overseas territory of the UK) |
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Independence:
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none
(overseas territory of the UK) |
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National holiday:
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Anguilla
Day, 30 May |
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Constitution:
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Anguilla
Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990 |
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Legal system:
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based on
English common law |
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Suffrage:
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18 years
of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief
of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February
1952); represented by Governor Alan Eden HUCKLE (since
28 May 2004)
head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne
FLEMING (since 3 March 2000)
cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the
governor from among the elected members of the House of
Assembly
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary;
governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative
elections, the leader of the majority party or the
leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed
chief minister by the governor |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected
by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2
appointed; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 21 February 2005 (next to be
held 2010)
election results: percent of vote by party - AUF
38.9%, ANSA 19.2%, AUM 19.4%, APP 9.5 %, independents
13%; seats by party - AUF 4, ANSA 2, AUM 1 |
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Judicial branch:
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High
Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme
Court) |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Anguilla
United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The Anguilla
United Front or AUF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a
coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and
the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA; Anguilla
Progressive Party or APP [Roy ROGERS]; Anguilla
Strategic Alternative or ANSA [Edison BAIRD] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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Caricom
(associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS
(associate), UPU |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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none
(overseas territory of the UK) |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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none
(overseas territory of the UK) |
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Flag description:
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blue,
with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant
and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer
half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange
dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white
background with blue wavy water below |
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Economy - overview:
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Anguilla
has few natural resources, and the economy depends
heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster
fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased
activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the
growth of the construction sector, has contributed to
economic growth. Anguillan officials have put
substantial effort into developing the offshore
financial sector, which is small, but growing. In the
medium term, prospects for the economy will depend
largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived
income growth in the industrialized nations as well as
on favorable weather conditions. |
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GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$112
million (2002 est.) |
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GDP (official exchange rate):
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NA |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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2.8%
(2001 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $7,500 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 4%
industry: 18%
services: 78% (2002 est.) |
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Labor force:
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6,049
(2001) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4%, manufacturing
3%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%,
commerce 36%, services 29% (2000 est.) |
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Unemployment rate:
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8% (2002)
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Population below poverty line:
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23%
(2002) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest
10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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2.3% |
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Budget:
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revenues: $22.8 million
expenditures: $22.5 million, including capital
expenditures of NA (2000 est.) |
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Agriculture - products:
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small
quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising |
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Industries:
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tourism,
boat building, offshore financial services |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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3.1%
(1997 est.) |
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Electricity - production:
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NA |
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Electricity - consumption:
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42.6
million kWh |
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Exports:
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$2.6
million (1999) |
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Exports - partners:
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UK, US,
Puerto Rico, Saint-Martin (2004) |
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Imports:
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$80.9
million (1999) |
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Imports - partners:
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US,
Puerto Rico, UK (2004) |
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Debt - external:
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$8.8
million (1998) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$9
million (2004 est.) |
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Currency (code):
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East
Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
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Exchange rates:
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East
Caribbean dollars per US dollar - NA (2005), 2.7 (2004),
2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001)
note: fixed rate since 1976 |
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Fiscal year:
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1 April -
31 March |
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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6,200
(2002) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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1,800
(2002) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: NA
domestic: modern internal telephone system
international: country code - 1-264; microwave
radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and
Netherlands Antilles) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 2, FM
7, shortwave 0 (2004) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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1 (1997)
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Internet country code:
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.ai |
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Internet users:
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3,000
(2002) |
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Airports:
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3 (2004
est.) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total:
1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2005 est.) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total:
2
under 914 m: 2 (2005 est.) |
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Roadways:
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total:
105 km
paved: 65 km
unpaved: 40 km (2002) |
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Ports and terminals:
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Blowing
Point, Road Bay |
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Military - note:
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defense
is the responsibility of the UK |
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Disputes - international:
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none |
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Illicit drugs:
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transshipment point for South American narcotics
destined for the US and Europe |
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