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National Map
Of |
Senegal |
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National Flag
Of |
Senegal |
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Flag Description:
three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow,
and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the
yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
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National Emblem(Coat Of Arms)
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Senegal |
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National Anthem
Of |
Senegal |
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Categories National Symbol Of |
Senegal |
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Background:
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Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The
Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia
in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two
countries was never carried out, and the union was
dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern
separatist group sporadically has clashed with
government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history
of participating in international peacekeeping. |
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Location:
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Western
Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between
Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania |
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Geographic coordinates:
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14 00 N,
14 00 W |
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Map references:
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Africa
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Area:
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total:
196,190 sq km
land: 192,000 sq km
water: 4,190 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly
smaller than South Dakota |
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Land boundaries:
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total:
2,640 km
border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330
km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
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Coastline:
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531 km
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Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the
continental margin |
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Climate:
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tropical;
hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong
southeast winds; dry season (December to April)
dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind |
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Terrain:
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generally
low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest
point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha
581 m |
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Natural resources:
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fish,
phosphates, iron ore |
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Land use:
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arable
land: 12.78%
permanent crops: 0.21%
other: 87.01% (2001) |
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Irrigated land:
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710 sq km
(1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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lowlands
seasonally flooded; periodic droughts |
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Environment - current issues:
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wildlife
populations threatened by poaching; deforestation;
overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing
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Environment - international agreements:
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party
to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate
Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered
Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life
Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Wetlands, Whaling |
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Geography - note:
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westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia
is almost an enclave within Senegal |
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Population:
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11,126,832 (July 2005 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14
years: 42.8% (male 2,404,461/female 2,360,167)
15-64 years: 54.1% (male 2,901,689/female
3,122,854)
65 years and over: 3% (male 161,173/female
176,488) (2005 est.) |
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Median age:
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total:
18.15 years
male: 17.6 years
female: 18.7 years (2005 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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2.48%
(2005 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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35.21
births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Death rate:
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10.6
deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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0.2
migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at
birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total:
55.51 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 59.17 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 51.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2005
est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total
population: 58.9 years
male: 57.37 years
female: 60.47 years (2005 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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4.75
children born/woman (2005 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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0.8%
(2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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44,000
(2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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3,500
(2003 est.) |
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Major infectious diseases:
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degree
of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and
protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria,
yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, and Rift
Valley fever are high risks in some locations
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
(2004) |
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Nationality:
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noun:
Senegalese (singular and plural)
adjective: Senegalese |
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Ethnic groups:
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Wolof
43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%,
Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4% |
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Religions:
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Muslim
94%, indigenous beliefs 1%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman
Catholic) |
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Languages:
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French
(official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 40.2%
male: 50%
female: 30.7% (2003 est.) |
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Republic of Senegal
conventional short form: Senegal
local long form: Republique du Senegal
local short form: Senegal |
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Government type:
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republic
under multiparty democratic rule |
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Capital:
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Dakar
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Administrative divisions:
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11
regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel,
Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis,
Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor |
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Independence:
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4 April
1960 (from France); note - complete independence was
achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20
August 1960 |
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 4 April (1960) |
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Constitution:
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new
constitution adopted 7 January 2001 |
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Legal system:
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based on
French civil law system; judicial review of legislative
acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State
audits the government's accounting office; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
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Suffrage:
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18 years
of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief
of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April
2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Macky SALL
(since 21 April 2004)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the
prime minister in consultation with the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for
a five-year term under new constitution; election last
held under prior constitution (seven-year terms) 27
February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held February
2007); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Abdoulaye WADE elected
president; percent of vote in the second round of voting
- Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120
seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to
serve five-year terms)
note: the former National Assembly, dissolved in
the spring of 2001, had 140 seats
elections: last held 29 April 2001 (next to be
held NA 2006)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%;
seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other
10 |
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Judicial branch:
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Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final
Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note -
the judicial system was reformed in 1992 |
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Political parties and leaders:
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African
Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known
as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African
Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of
Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic
and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi)
[Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party
Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for
Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE];
Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS];
Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO];
National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF];
Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE];
Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI
Coalition (a coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE];
Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA];
other small parties |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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labor;
Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers |
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International organization participation:
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ACCT,
ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC,
IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO
(correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW,
PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC,
UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador Amadou Lamine BA
chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC
20008
telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540
FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315
consulate(s) general: New York |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador Richard Alan ROTH
embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue
Kleber, Dakar
mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar
telephone: [221] 823-4296
FAX: [221] 822-2991 |
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Flag description:
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three
equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and
red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the
yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of
Ethiopia |
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Economy - overview:
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In
January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious
economic reform program with the support of the
international donor community. This reform began with a
50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc,
which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc.
Government price controls and subsidies have been
steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract
by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround,
thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP
averaging 5% annually during 1995-2003. Annual inflation
had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a
member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
(WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional
integration with a unified external tariff and a more
stable monetary policy. Senegal still relies heavily
upon outside donor assistance, however. Under the IMF's
Highly Indebted Poor Countries debt relief program,
Senegal will benefit from eradication of two-thirds of
its bilateral, multilateral, and private sector debt.
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GDP (purchasing power parity):
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$18.36
billion (2004 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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3.2%
(2004 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2004 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 15.9%
industry: 21.4%
services: 62.7% (2004 est.) |
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Labor force:
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4.65
million (2004 est.) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 70% |
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Unemployment rate:
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48%
(urban youth 40%) (2001 est.) |
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Population below poverty line:
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54% (2001
est.) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest
10%: 2.6%
highest 10%: 33.5% (1995) |
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Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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41.3
(1995) |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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0.8%
(2004 est.) |
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Investment (gross fixed):
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20.1% of
GDP (2004 est.) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $1.572 billion
expenditures: $1.627 billion, including capital
expenditures of $357 million (2004 est.) |
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Public debt:
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55.2% of
GDP (2004 est.) |
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Agriculture - products:
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peanuts,
millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green
vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish |
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Industries:
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agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining,
fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction
materials, ship construction and repair |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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4.7%
(2004 est.) |
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Electricity - production:
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1.737
billion kWh (2002) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil
fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001) |
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Electricity - consumption:
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1.615
billion kWh (2002) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh
(2002) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh
(2002) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day
(2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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31,000
bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports:
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NA |
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Oil - imports:
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NA |
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Natural gas - production:
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50
million cu m (2001 est.) |
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Natural gas - consumption:
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50
million cu m (2001 est.) |
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Natural gas - exports:
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0 cu m
(2001 est.) |
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Natural gas - imports:
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0 cu m
(2001 est.) |
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Current account balance:
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$-518.8
million (2004 est.) |
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Exports:
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$1.374
billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
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Exports - commodities:
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fish,
groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates,
cotton |
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Exports - partners:
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India
14.4%, Mali 13.1%, France 9.8%, Italy 7.3%, Spain 6.6%,
Guinea-Bissau 5.6%, Gambia, The 4.8% (2004) |
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Imports:
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$2.128
billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
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Imports - commodities:
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food and
beverages, capital goods, fuels |
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Imports - partners:
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France
24.8%, Nigeria 11.9%, Thailand 6.1% (2004) |
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Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
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$820
million (2004 est.) |
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Debt - external:
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$3.476
billion (2004 est.) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$362.6
million (2002 est.) |
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Currency (code):
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Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West
African States |
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Currency code:
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XOF |
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Exchange rates:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US
dollar - 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002),
733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar
year |
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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228,800
(2003) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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575,900
(2003) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: good system
domestic: above-average urban system; microwave
radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in
trunk system
international: country code - 221; 4 submarine
cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic
Ocean) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 8, FM
20, shortwave 1 (2001) |
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Radios:
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1.24
million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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1 (1997)
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Televisions:
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361,000
(1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.sn |
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Internet hosts:
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672
(2003) |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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1 (2002)
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Internet users:
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225,000
(2003) |
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Railways:
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total:
906 km
narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter gauge (2004)
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Highways:
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total:
14,576 km
paved: 4,271 km including 7 km of expressways
unpaved: 10,305 km (2000) |
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Waterways:
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1,000 km
(primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers)
(2003) |
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Pipelines:
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gas 564
km (2004) |
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Ports and harbors:
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Dakar
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Airports:
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20 (2004
est.) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total:
9
over 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 6
914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total:
11
1,524 to 2,437 m: 6
914 to 1,523 m: 4
under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
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Military branches:
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Army,
Navy (Marine Senegalaise), Air Force (2005) |
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Military service age and obligation:
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18 years
of age for compulsory and voluntary military service;
conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004) |
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Manpower available for military service:
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males
age 18-49: 2,183,343 (2005 est.) |
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Manpower fit for military service:
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males
age 18-49: 1,300,502 (2005 est.) |
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Manpower reaching military service age annually:
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males:
124,096 (2005 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$107.3
million (2004) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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1.5%
(2004) |
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Disputes - international:
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The
Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem Senegalese
citizens from the Casamance region fleeing separatist
violence, cross border raids, and arms smuggling |
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Refugees and internally displaced persons:
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IDPs:
17,000 (clashes between government troops and
separatists in Casamance region) (2004) |
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Illicit drugs:
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transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian
heroin and South American cocaine moving to Europe and
North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis |
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This page was last updated on
20 October, 2005 |
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